On August 19, 1969, the establishment of Embraer (Brazilian Aeronautics Company) took place. The organization emerged as part of a Brazilian government initiative within a pivotal plan to establish the national aeronautics industry. Initially, it was structured as a mixed-economy entity under the Ministry of Aeronautics.
The Real is the currency of Brazil and is represented by the symbol “R$” and the international code “BRL.” The currency is divided into cents, and both notes and coins come in various denominations. The most common notes include R$ 2, R$ 5, R$ 10, R$ 20, R$ 50, R$ 100, and R$ 200. Additionally, there are R$ 1 coins and cent coins of R$ 0.05, R$ 0.10, R$ 0.25, and R$ 0.50.
In the midst of the tumultuous 1940s, Brazil unexpectedly became the stage for an obscure yet impactful narrative – the rise and fall of the Shindo Renmei organization. Against the backdrop of World War II, this Japanese nationalist group etched an intriguing tale into Brazil’s cultural fabric, unearthing the intricate interplay of wartime loyalties and the challenges of assimilation for immigrant communities.
The last cabinet of the Brazilian Empire appointed Floriano Peixoto (1839-1895), a distinguished soldier and veteran of the Paraguayan War, to the position of army adjutant-general. He was originally from Alagoas and had a strong association with the Liberal Party. Like Deodoro, he had participated extensively in the campaign against Lopez. He returned as a lieutenant colonel.
Throughout history, cities have undergone transformational changes, shedding old practices and embracing new ones. The city of Rio de Janeiro, with its rich tapestry of memories, is no exception to this phenomenon. Within its boundaries lie numerous examples of places and practices that have faded into the past, and among these, the Matadouro da Cidade (City Slaughterhouse) stands out as a poignant reminder of bygone eras.
Mauá Square marks the beginning of Avenida Rio Branco and also the Port of Rio de Janeiro, as the numbering of warehouses starts at the square. The center of the square is occupied by the statue of Irineu Evangelista de Sousa, the Baron/Viscount of Mauá, a pioneer in various areas of Brazil’s economy. The Baron/Viscount of Mauá, who also gives his name to the square, was responsible for the construction of the Mauá Railway and the creation of the Bank of Brazil, among other achievements. Placed on a column, the sculpture is the work of the sculptor Rodolfo Bernardelli and was inaugurated in 1910 by the initiative of the Engineering Club.
Eurico Gaspar Dutra (1883-1974) was a military officer of the Brazilian Army and the 16th President of Brazil from 1946 to 1951. Eurico Gaspar Dutra was born on May 18, 1883, in Cuiabá, the son of José Florêncio Dutra, a modest merchant and a veteran of the Paraguayan War, and Maria Justina Dutra. Gaspar Dutra was married to Carmela Telles Leite Dutra.
Did you know that Oppenheimer has visited Brazil? Julius Robert Oppenheimer was an American theoretical physicist. He was the director of the Los Alamos National Laboratory during World War II and is often credited as the “father of the atomic bomb” for his role in the Manhattan Project, the research and development effort that created the first nuclear weapons.
The Palácio Rio Negro in Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, is the official summer residence of the Presidents of the Republic since 1903.
The Santos Dumont House Museum in Petrópolis is a picturesque residence nestled in a steep location in the city, built in 1918 with the help of engineer Eduardo Pederneiras.
